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South Asia Earthquake Update

December 5, 2005

Note: New content has been inserted in red, italicized, bold font.

Table of Contents:

Pakistan .....................................page 2

India .....................................page 14

Overview

The confirmed death toll from the 7.6-magnitude earthquake that was centered near Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistan-controlled Kashmir (PcK) on October 8 stands at over 73,000 in Pck and in NWFP, while unconfirmed death toll has climbed to over 86,000. (Nov-8, AP, Dawn) Quake has left over 79,000 people injured and an estimated 3 million displaced or homeless. The earthquake affected nine districts in total: Abbottabad, Batagram, Mansehra, Shangla, and Kohistan in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Muzaffarabad, Neelum, Poonch and Bagh in PcK. .

90-day ‘Winter Plan’ created to outline UN-led Cluster response. Priorities are: 1) Ensure continued assistance for estimated 350,000-380,000 who are expected to remain in high-elevation locations for the winter; 2) Support potential camp population of 250,000 in planned and spontaneous camps at lower elevations; 3) Ensure protection and meet needs of vulnerable population including women, children, elderly and disabled; 4) Continous assessment of changing situation to meet emerging needs. (Dec-2, OCHA) Humanitarian hubs operating in Muzaffarabad, Mansehra, Bagh and Battagram. Humanitarian sub-hub established in Banna (Allai Valley). (Dec-2, OCHA)

Confirmed contributions and pledges to six-month UN Emergency Appeal stand at 41% out of the US$550 million requested, including about US$160 million committed and US$224 million pledged. (Dec-05, Reuters) WFP says that it needs about US$70 million out of its US$185 million appeal in order to carry food distributions till the end of April, at the end of the winter season. Currently, the agency only has enough to fund deliveries through the end of January. (Dec-05, Reuters)

“Joint Operations Center” has been established to task UNHAS; Pakistan military; NATO and US Military air assets. (Dec-2, OCHA) FRC have begun plans to hand over disaster response activities to two provincial authorities of NWFP and PcK. Target date is December 31, 2004. (Nov-28, UN)

UNJLC and various partners developing comprehensive road map, which will be updated regularly. (Dec-2, OCHA) All valley roads are open but several roads are reported to be difficult and deteriorating. Chances of road closures high due to weather. (Dec-2, DFID)

100 NATO engineers to arrive in PcK early next week to start clearing rubble. (Dec-03, DPA) NATO will wrap up earthquake relief operations when 90-day mandate expires on January 21. NATO has sent around 1,000 medics, engineers and helicopter support crews. (Dec-1, TN, Reuters) NATO military component/part ceased operations as of November 24. The civilian component planned and funded through December 3. (Nov-29, OCHA).

Downward migration sporadic and difficult to assess. Approximately 206,500 in planned and spontaneous camps, including 139,451 in PcK and NWFP, as well as others in Punjab province and Islamabad. (Dec-02, UNHCR) UNHCR reports that although no mass movements have been noted from the higher valleys, NWFP expecting between 100,000 to 200,000 to descend, while PcK expecting 30,000. Agencies also report some movement from lower camps back into home communities on higher altitudes. (Dec-2, UNHCR) Over last week, main camps in Battagram and Kohistan districts have accommodated 2,440 new arrivals. (Dec-02, UN OCHA) However, other agencies report most IDPs that intended to move have already done so. Several factors affecting population movement: Need to find winter shelter, GOP compensation for quake victims, seasonal migration patterns and lack of basic services in some tent camps. (Dec-1, USAID)

Task Force set up within Pakistani civil administration comprising WHO, UNICEF and UNHCR to cover emerging needs in camps and spontaneous camps. (Dec-2, DFID) GOP reports total of 502 camps with 187,506 people in NWFP and PcK. Of these, over 30 are planned camps (with over 36,000 people) run by local authorities or NGOs, and supported by UNHCR. (Dec-2, UNHCR) Planning figure for six months is for 250,000 people in valley camps. (Dec-2, UNHCR)

GOP registering private camps (set up by local, political, or commercial organizations) to ensure they will provide continued services of necessary quality. Two major challenges, according to IFRC: Lack of knowledge of military’s plans and absorption capacity of local communities. (Nov-30, IFRC) Another challenge in identifying camps in PcK, Bagh and Muzaffarabad is that land is not available - search continues. (Dec-02, OCHA)

IOM coordinating efforts by 43 agencies, including UN, Pakistani and international agencies, to provide emergency shelter through “Operation Winter Race.” IOM says operation is on target to deliver 10,000 winterized shelters to those living between 5,000 to 7,000 feet by December 12. (Nov-29, IOM) Although focus was initially in Allai Valley in Battagram, and Haveli in Bagh, focus is now on Neelum and Kaghan Valleys. (Dec-1, IOM)

Three biggest shelter needs, according to UN: 1) Providing heating; 2) Providing corrugated iron sheets; 3) Winterized tents. (Dec-3, AFP) IOM today said about 90% of tents distributed are insufficient for the harsh Himalayan winter. The IOM, which is spearheading the UN-led shelter cluster, reported that 420,000 tents out of estimated 500,000 needed have been distributed. (Dec-2, Reuters) Pakistan military working to build shelter homes of about 200 square feet - priority given to families with no male member and are living above 5,000 feet. About 25,000 shelters built above 5,000 ft so far. (Dec-1, GOP) Humanitarian community has constructed some 20,000 winterized shelters. Pakistani military has built more than 80,000 shelters. Delays in delivering corrugated galvanized iron (CGI) could result in significant increase in population movement downwards. As of end of November, supplies limited to 150,000 by the Pakistan military and about 60,000 by international humanitarian community. (Dec-02, OCHA)

3,406 MTs of food has been delivered to more than 200,000 people in remote areas. Nearly 1 million reached through general food distribution. (Dec-2, OCHA) Pre-positioning of food constrained due to need to prioritize shelter in November (Dec-2, OCHA)

Outbreak of measles reported on Sunday (December 4) in camp in Hattian Bala, about 30 miles (45 km) southeast of Muzaffarabad, killing 1 child, despite immunization campaign. (Dec-5, Reuters) 16 field hospitals, 20 mobile maternity/reproductive health teams, 9 mental health teams and 6 permanent vaccination centers are in place across affected regions. (UN-OCHA) Provision of essential health care for about 150,000 in camps challenged by lack of partners and continued growth of spontaneous camps. (Dec-2, OCHA) WHO said it would run out of supplies in two months if it does not get more funding. (Dec-5, Reuters)

Almost 90 percent of water needs are now being covered in planned camps. (Dec-5, IRIN) UNICEF says 10 percent of camp inhabitants not receiving enough water to meet Sphere humanitarian guidelines of 15 liters a day. (Dec-1, USAID) With 2,500 latrines installed out of 4,000 needed (40% gap) due to: 1) Insufficient quality slabs; 2) Lack of digging capacity; 3) Scarcity land and difficult soil; 4) Maintenance and cleaning problems.

Forecast for Monday (December 5) is cloudy light snow over mountains. Forecast for Tuesday (December 6) is fine and dry with little cloud. Maximum temperatures 18 degrees Celsius and 1 degree Celsius. (Dec-5, UK Met Office)

Sector Status
Affected Population	Death toll is at 73,320; injured is at 69,392 (Nov-16, OCHA) 4 million affected; estimated 3.3 million displaced or homeless scattered across 15,000 villages. (Nov-1, OCHA) Nearly half of the four million affected people are in PcK and another 1.3 million in NWFP. UNICEF estimates some 1.6 million to 2.2 million children were affected by the earthquake and 17,000 children killed while attending school. (Oct-31, AFP) UNICEF estimated earlier some 50-60 percent of the dead victims are children and some 32,000 young people had died while another 42,000 were injured. (Oct-18, Reuters) It is estimated that 350,000-380,000 people will remain in remote areas throughout the winter. OCHA says people still migrating downwards from higher elevations although numbers are difficult to assess. (Dec-2, OCHA)
Coordination	UN released a 90-day winter plan. Priority is to continue provision of relief to 350,000-380,000 who remain in remote areas and to provide camp services for up to 250,000 people in self-settled and official camps. (Dec-2, DFID) Data collection is handled at central level by Cluster Information Manager in Islamabad (shelterinfo@iom.int). Reports are that FRC number are 10% off from shelter cluster data – discussions ongoing. (Nov-28, UN) GOP has established a “Prime Minister Relief Cell” in Islamabad for help in locating family members. Hotline Tel: (+9251) 9222666. “Earthquake Relief Cell” has been established in the Prime Minister’s House. The 24-hour hotlines will receive complaints from the earthquake-affected. (+9251) 9213891 or (+9251) 92229999. According to DFID, the UN released its Priority Action Plan for November, which includes support for 200,000 persons living in areas above the snow line as well as some 150,000 people the UN estimates will settle in camps. The focus includes emergency shelter, medical evacuations, pre-positioning of food for 700,000 and mobile health services. (Nov-9, DFID) Field Cluster Coordinator in Mansehra is piloting a “sub-cluster” approach. Five sub-groups have been created in Balakot, Kaghan Valley, Battagram, Allai and the Serin Valley to support existing Field Coordination Offices. (Nov-28, UN) Ten sectoral coordination clusters were established to bring together the government, UN agencies, NGOs, IOs, militaries, and donors. (Oct-22, UNOCHA) These clusters cover areas such as food & nutrition, water & sanitation, health, emergency shelter, early recovery and reconstruction, IT/communication, logistics, camp management, protection and education. (Nov-1, OCHA) Detailed cluster information (meeting minutes, contact information) is posted at: www.un.org.pk. (Nov-8, OCHA) Clusters are concept of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC), and is new to the UN system. It is being trialed in this disaster. However, Cluster Coordination is expected to be separate from the ‘normative’ work of NGOs. (Nov-11, UN) GOP presented its National Action Plan on November 1 which will provide a framework for the development of the international aid response. (Nov-1, OCHA) The GOP formed a 7-member Civil Services Special Task Force. In addition to coordination, the task force will supervise foreign relief workers, NGOs, and volunteers. The task force will work under the Federal Relief Commissioner. Saeed Ahmed Khan is chief coordinator; Ishtiaq Ahmed is coordinator for NWFP; Tariq Khosa is coordinator for PCK; Qasim Niaz is coordinator for donor agencies; Arifa Sofi is coordinator for NGOs; Mohsin Rizvi is coordinator for foreign offices; and Dr. Ashfaq is coordinator for health services. (Oct-19, GOP) Federal Relief Commission will coordinate rescue and relief operations. Major General Muhammad Farooq Javed, Chairman of the Prime Minister’s Inspection Commission, is chief. Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC) has been set up within the UNDAC/UN coordination centre. (Oct-14, UNOCHA) HIC has finalized data standardization of locations across the affected region to better coordinate relief and development activities. (Nov-16, IRIN) The NATO Deployed Joint Task Force (DJTF) is coordinating NATO relief activities with Pakistani officials. (Oct-27, Dawn) Pakistani army has opened three more military bases at Dhamial, Peshawar and Tarbela to assist in relief operations. Army is operating six forward bases in Muzaffarabad, Bagh, Rawalkot, Balakot, Batgram and Mansehra. The army has also set up three main reporting and information centers at Havelian, Mansehra, and Gahri Habibullah. (Oct-27, DPA) Network of some 45 Army points in place. There are six major points, three each in NWFP at Mansehra, Balakot and Batagram, and Muzaffarabad, Bagh and Rawalkot in PcK. (Oct-19, Jang)
Logistics	UNJLC and other partners are developing a comprehensive road map. The FRC reports 95% of roads in the affected areas have been cleared. (Dec-2, OCHA) OCHA says delivery and pre-positioning of relief was impeded late last week by bad weather conditions that grounded air transport for two days. (Dec-2, OCHA) NATO says that it will dispatch a team of 100 engineers to PcK this week to carry out rubble clearing. (Dec-3, DPA) Presently, 126 helicopters, including 89 from Pakistani military and 37 from foreign countries, are participating in relief operations. (Dec-2, GOP) GOP and GOI have set up five crossing points along the LoC at Nauser-Teethwal, Chakothi-Uri, Hajipur-Uri, Rawalakot-Poonch and Tattapni-Mendhar. All the crossing points are now open. However, presently only Nauser-Teethwal and Rawalakot-Poonch crossing points are open for limited civilian crossing. (Nov-21, TN) With airlifting of relief goods drawing to a close, over the next few weeks NATO would shift its helicopters to provide shelter and food to vulnerable populations in the remote mountainous areas. (Nov-28, GOP) According to GOP, the Pakistan Army Survey Group has developed a Geographic Information System (GIS) containing data about the disaster for NWFP and PcK. (Nov-22, GOP) A UNJLC planning team has developed the “Winter Sustainment Plan” in which special attention is given to those in more isolated regions. (Nov-20, OCHA) The UN Logistics Support System (LSS) is now fully functional at the two WHO warehouses in Mansehra and Muzaffarabad as well as at the Ministry of Health pharmacy at Abbas Hospital in Muzaffarabad. (Nov-16, OCHA) OCHA says an Interagency Transport and Logistic Operations Plan has been created as well as Joint Government/UN Logistics Cell. (Nov-1, OCHA)
International Financial Assistance	World Bank has announced a special rehabilitation fund. WB has already announced a grant of US$5 million for quake survivors. (Dec-3, Dawn) UN Flash Appeal is currently US$160.6 million (29%) committed and US$65.5 million pledged against a requested US$550 million. Total contributions and pledges is US$226.1 million (41% of requested amount) (Dec-2, DFID) International donors pledged more than US$5.8 billion in assistance to quake-affected Pakistan at donor’s conference on November 19. Some US$3.9 billion would be in the form of soft loans, while the remaining US$1.9 billion is comprised of grants. (Nov-19, UNOCHA). The World Bank (WB) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on November 12 released a preliminary assessment report saying that Pakistan needs at least US$5.2 billion for effective relief, recovery and reconstruction in areas affected by the devastating October 8 earthquake.
Food	WFP has doubled the previous target figure of those who can be reached only by air from 200,000 to 400,000 people. WFP chief says that the food agency can guarantee winter food supplies for hundreds of thousands in remote high-altitude villages. (Dec-3, WFP) WFP would be responsible for delivering food to about 1.3 million people, including 400,000 that can be reached by land, 600,000 that can be reached by air (including 250,000 in camps), 150,000 children in tented schools and 150,000 women and children under a nutrition program. Another 3 million will receive food assistance from the government, and 150,000 from the Red Cross. (Dec-05, Reuters) World Vision has signed an agreement with WFP to distribute food supplies to an estimated 46,610 people (4,412 MT) in five high altitude villages in Seron valley in NWFP. (Dec-2, WVI) UN says food is now the priority, and is granting more than 50 percent of the total cargo it transports to food, with some 40 percent granted to shelter and other items. (Dec-2, WVI) The FAO estimates that more than 30 percent of the rice crop and almost 75 percent of the maize crop are lost from the disaster. (Dec-2, WVI) USAID/DART reports that crops continue to come out of Kaghan Valley into market, suggesting that a final harvest was successfully gathered. Cattle prices have fallen to a quarter of the regular price as individuals leaving the valley attempt to sell off livestock. (Nov-29, USAID) Each rural household had average of one animal, but over 30 percent of sheep and goats have been killed. (Nov-29, IRiN) Food distribution taking place in 5 thematic areas: Emergency school feeding, Hospital feeding, Camp feeding, General food distribution (with support of Pakistan army and civil authorities), Host family and Feeding. (Nov-22, UN) Some 2.3 million people will require food assistance at least through April 2006, according to assessments by WFP, UNICEF and Oxfam. (Nov-22, WFP) WFP says starting next month it will increase food rations for wheat flour from 75 kilograms (165 pounds) to 100 kilograms (220 pounds) per family per month. WFP has set up 119 strategically placed distribution points throughout Muzaffarabad where survivors could get wheat flour, pulses, vegetable oil and salt (Nov-16, IRIN). WFP says six out of nine districts affected by the earthquake were in the most food insecure parts of Pakistan. FAO says 200,000 livestock have died, and storage facilities for livestock feed are needed. (Nov-16, UNOCHA)
Water and Sanitation	Almost 90% of water needs are covered in planned camps, according to OCHA. (Dec-2, OCHA) IOM has total of 16 mobile teams on the ground to fix latrines and waste management issues, as well as provide hygiene training. (Dec-1, TN) UNHCR spearheading up to 32 teams to improve wat/san hygiene in spontaneous camps. (Nov-14, Reuters) GOP has mandated Ministry of Health to review water/san situation in camps and organize improvements. (Nov-29, USAID) Nearly 1,600 latrines in Muzaffarabad have been created, with another 1,600 planned. Lack of sanitation facilities for women and solid waste disposal in camps remain a concern. (Nov-28, OCHA) IFRC water tanks providing potable water to 39,000 people in Balakot and Battagram areas – also distributing hygiene kits. (Nov-30, IFRC) UNICEF and PcK government have jointly launched US$8.2 million project to rehabilitate rural water supply systems and improve sanitation in Muzaffarabad and Bagh. About 200 rural water supply systems will be created, providing drinking water to about 150,000 people. 50,000 latrines in schools, mosques, health centers and homes will also be constructed. (Nov-29, Reuters) Camp Management Cluster headed by UNHCR, is providing technical support to 18 planned GOP camps where some 10,000 are living. Priority is to provide sanitation, water supply and health care by end of November. (Nov-9, UNCT) In Muzaffarabad, water supply has been some 90% restored. In Mansehra and Rawalakot, the water supply systems have been repaired. In Bagh, water supply system has been restored to the main tank which serves 50,000 people. (Nov-8, OCHA) OCHA planning figures say 3.2-3.5 million require Wat/San support. (Nov-1, OCHA)
Public Health/Medical	Officials were racing to control an outbreak of measles at a camp in Hattian Bala 45km (30 miles) southeast of Muzaffarabad after a 10-month old baby died from the disease. (Dec-4, Reuters) UNICEF reports it was doing vaccinations for those who may have been missed in an earlier drive. (Dec-5, AFP) Number of diarrhea cases have decreased according to OCHA and no deaths reported, however, there is an increase in reported Acute Respiratory Infection cases. (Dec-2, OCHA) At least eight people have died from cold-related illnesses due to the increasingly cold weather. Hospitals in the affected region have reported treating more than 700 people suffering from pneumonia, hypothermia and other illnesses. Yesterday, reports said that the number of people seeking treatment in hospitals tripled to more than 1,000 per day. (Dec-1, Dawn, Reuters) 423,000 out of targeted 800,000 children have been vaccinated for measles through joint efforts of UNICEF, GOP and WHO. It is expected that campaign will be completed by December 6. (Nov-28, OCHA) UNICEF says there have been 40 measles cases thus far. Some 600 teams are also vaccinating against polio, diphtheria, and tetanus. (Nov-22, UNICEF) 16 international field hospitals and 19 mobile medical teams are reported throughout the affected area. 9 mental health teams have been mobilized. (Nov-17, GOP, OCHA) GOP is urging international donors who have deployed field hospitals to maintain their presence until March 31. (Nov-7, GOP). A joint WHO/Ministry of Health operations center has been established in Islamabad to coordinate health efforts. (Oct-12, WHO) WHO and the Ministry of Health have set up an Early Warning and Response Network (EWARN), starting with Muzaffarabad, to quickly identify and respond to outbreaks. (Oct-21, GOP) WHO has set up a website to facilitate information exchange between health partners at www.whopak.org. (Oct-17, UNOCHA)
Shelter	Pakistani military says there are 139,451 people living in camps in PcK and NWFP as of December 2. OCHA says that if the FRC figures for Punjab and Islamabad are added, the camp population is some 206,500. (Dec-2, OCHA) OCHA says that over the last week, the main camps in Batagram and Kohistan districts have accommodated some 2,440 new arrivals. Batagram 1 camp, which is hosting some 3,000 people, has been closed for new arrivals because it was recently flooded. (Dec-2, OCHA) GOP officials say that soldiers are constructing some 5,000 shelters a day for survivors. Army has constructed some 30,000 shelters out of corrugated iron sheets thus far. (Dec-4, AP) NWFP government has provided another 450 tents, 4,000 blankets and 50 generators. (Dec-5, GOP) Concern has started distributions of alternative shelter kits in Balakot. Targets providing some 20,000 families with shelter and blankets. (Dec-2, Concern) Capital Development Authority has shut down several temporary hospitals and shelters in Islambad as number of Kashmiri IDPs has reduced from 25,000 to about 12,000. Currently, the Capital Development Authority is sheltering the remaining at tent cities – concerns over “fake” quake survivors. (Dec-2, TN) Eight people, two of them Turkish aid workers, have been hospitalized with serious burns after tent caught fire – blamed on lighting fires in or near tents to keep warm. There are no proper burns treatment in Muzaffarabad and local health authorities are trying to set up one. Need for tent safety training. (Dec-2, TN) IOM-coordinated IASC Emergency Shelter Cluster is beginning “Shelter Security” survey to assess shelter viability for communities above 5,000 feet that have received aid and shelter supplies, over the winter. (Dec-2, IOM) Over 206,000 displaced are estimated to be in official and self-settled camps in PcK and NWFP. (Dec-2, DFID) Camp cluster says shelter assistance above 5,000 ft and adequate food predicted to prevent migration to lower areas. (Dec-2, DFID) DFID reports that winterization of existing tents remains a key issue. 75-90% of 420,000 tents distributed are not winterized. (Dec-2, DFID) IFRC says it aims to meet immediate shelter, relief, health and wat/san needs of some 570,000 people over the next 6 months. (Dec-1, ARC) Mercy Corps (MC) has employed more than 1,100 Pakistanis to build 6,000 shelter to accommodate up to 50,000 people. The cash-for-work program employs locals to clear and salvage debris to construct shelters. So far, MC has distributed more than 2,500 tents in Konsh and Siran valleys. (Nov-28, MC) IOM has distributed over 1,300 shelter kits to more than 10,500 people. An additional 6,000 kits will be distributed to Neelum and Allai Valleys, and a further 1,000 will be distributed in Siran Valley. (Nov-29, IOM) Conditions in camps, especially the estimated 1,000 self-settled camps are a major cause of concern, according to OCHA. (Nov-20, OCHA). UNHCR assisting in 44 planned and spontaneous camps; Pakistan military running 71 camps – total camp population unknown. (Nov-17, OCHA) UNHCR and government discussing which camps need to be closed or relocated. New sites for camps for approximately 8,000 people (out of 10,000 to be relocated) have been identified. More sites still needed. (Nov-17, OCHA) GOP moving towards transitional shelter – providing 200,000 iron sheets to help in winterization. Temporary Shelter Construction teams will be mobilized to build shelters for vulnerable families. (Nov-17, OCHA) OCHA reports anecdotal evidence that the Winter Race operation is leading to small numbers of people returning to villages to rebuild shelters. The operation has led to over 8,000 shelters built by the military and 6,000 by the humanitarian community. Civilians have also reportedly built more than 7,000 shelters. (Nov-25, OCHA) NATO has provided shelter to 29,000 people and will provide additional shelter for remaining 6,000. (Nov-25, WFP) NATO and Pakistani staff will reportedly move to areas above 5,000 feet to build winterized shelters. (Nov-15, NATO) Pakistan military is planning to have 160 teams ready to move into hard to reach areas to go village-to-village to make “warm room” shelters in areas above 5,000 feet high. (Nov-14, DFID) Some 2.5 million have lost their homes. 2.2 million are in rural areas, 100,000 in semi-urban areas and 200,000 in urban areas. (Nov-7, DFID)
Infrastructure	GOP said that it has decided in principle that its rehabilitation plan for PcK would not involve any relocation and those who lost their homes would receive shelters in their areas. (Dec-3, Dawn) Pakistani Minister for Environment, Tahir Iqbal, estimates that removal of debris in affected areas will cost more than US$150 million. Debris can be used for reconstruction. UN has warned of health and livelihood hazards if authorities failed to provide appropriate waste and natural resource management during reconstruction. (Nov-29, DPA) UN Geologist Jean Schnieder warns that 12 villages near Jared and Kawai in the Kaghan Valley must be evacuated because of landslides hazards. In addition, floods are certain to occur due to the overflow of dams from snowmelt and debris as unpredictable weather occurs. (Nov-29, Reuters) The World Bank and the Asian Development Bank estimate that the quake damaged some 2,385 miles (3,837 kilometers) of roads; 2,366 km (1470 miles) in PcK and 1,471 km (914 miles) of roads in NWFP were damaged. At least 10,000 schools were destroyed or damaged. (Nov-8, Reuters) Of these, 7,197 were destroyed. Of these, 3,680 schools in PcK and 3,517 in NWFP were destroyed. (Nov-8, IHT, The Dawn) Out of US$5.2 billion estimated for reconstruction needs, World Bank and ADB estimates about US$1.092 billion needed for relief, US$205 million for death/injury compensation, US$301 million for early recovery and US$97 million for the restoration of livelihoods. In addition, US$3.5 billion was estimated for the physical reconstruction. (Nov-15, Reuters, ADB) In Neelum Valley, almost 90-100% of buildings were destroyed. (Oct-27, UNOCHA) 90% of the structures in Bagh have totally collapsed, almost 100 percent of structures in Nasera district in Jhelum Valley have collapsed. (Oct-23, 25, UNOCHA) An Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) has been established to rebuild infrastructure. (Oct-17, Dawn)
Security	GOP has set up a “sanctuary” at Hattian in Punjab province for vulnerable populations. Similar facilities in NWFP and PcK will be set up. (Dec-5, Reuters) Inspector-General of NWFP has requested UN staff in Batagram district to move only with police escort. (Nov-25, WFP) IOM says GOP and aid agencies are working together to warn survivor’s against falling prey to traffickers. (Nov-20, Reuters) Security has reportedly been beefed-up at makeshift camps and children’s wards in the hospitals of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. (Nov-21, DPA)

India

Overview

The latest official death toll is 1,309 in Indian-controlled Kashmir (IcK). Officially, 6,622 people reportedly injured and 150,000 displaced (Oct-17, AFP). Worst-hit areas are around Tangdhar and Uri towns in Kupwara and Baramulla districts respectively, along the disputed Line of Control (LoC). Third worst-hit area is Poonch district. The government’s main priority right now is provision of shelter through tents, repair of homes, reconstruction of homes and community shelters to last through the winter.

India has not asked for international assistance, and the presence of foreign aid agencies is restricted in the disputed region, which is also the site of a separatist militancy. International and domestic aid agencies have to contend with frequent security checks and roadblocks. Local state agencies, social, religious and political organizations, and NGOs also assisting in relief and rehabilitaion. Head of India’s ruling UPA (United Progressive Alliance), Sonia Gandhi, is scheduled to visit quake-affected areas December 9-10 – her second visit since earthquake struck. (Dec-05, Kashmir Times)

The first major snowfall of the season in the first week of December cut off Tangdhar area, which is normally isolated for two to four months during the winter. (Nov-28, AFP) ADEPT has issued an appeal for experienced mountain climbers to volunteer for the relief effort in the region, particularly in delivery of food and medical supplies to remote areas. ADEPT’s international climbing team still waiting for permission from the government to move in. (Nov-30, ADEPT)

Residents in several villages Uri district continue to report cases of political corruption, and the lack of proper relief distribution. (Nov-25, Kashmir Times) Widows and women with husbands in prison have been having problems collecting aid from relief distribution centers after being elbowed out by men. (Dec-4, Kashmir Times)The government set up a grievances department, where people can lodge complaints on relief distribution. (Nov-8, Daily Excelsior) The Jammu and Kashmir High Court has settled a record 3,000 relief distribution cases in Uri since October 16 due to free legal services given to quake surivors. IcK Chief Justice Bashir Khan criticized the state government for corruption in relief distribution. (Nov-29, Daily Excelsior) Over 50 million Indian Rs have been sanctioned in favor of 569 survivors in 10 court sessions. About 3,000 cases have been settled. About 1,250 other cases have been referred to the government for consideration while other were rejected due to lack of proper documentation. Victims needed compensation to start building shelters by November 30. (Nov-29, Kashmir Times)

Shelter remains the top relief priority. Aside from food and water, fuel to cook food and burn firewood is also an important relief item. (Oct-26, AFP) IcK Chief Minister Ghulam Nabi Azad extended until December 10 the deadline for quake survivors to complete construction of temporary shelters and earn 5,000 Indian Rs incentive (previous deadline was November 30). About 75 percent of shelters have been reportedly constructed. (Dec-4, Kashmir Times) However, residents say that snowfall and landslides continue to threaten construction of temporary shelters. Others say they have not received incentive although they have completed construction. (Dec-5, Kashmir Times) ADEPT reports that large number of sheets and shelter items need to be distributed, which is being hampered by logistical difficulties. Catholic Relief Services has completed about 28% of distribution of tin sheets. (Nov-30, ADEPT)

Although at least 35,000 tents are needed in the region, only about 12,000 tents and 200,000 blankets have been distributed by the Indian government. (Oct-26, MHA) Up to 1 million people and their livestock (a valuable commodity) need winter housing. (Oct-23, ADEPT) ADEPT says efforts must focus on huge logistical problem of distributing tents and setting them up, as it is too late to procure more tents before winter. (Nov-2, ADEPT) Survivors have appealed for kangris and bokharis, traditional heaters used in the region that use very little fuel.

GOI says they have constructed nearly 2,000 pre-fabricated shelters and over 12,000 tin sheds. (Nov-30, Reuters) Many survivors have opted to stay within their communities because they lack written property titles. (Nov-30, ADEPT) Villagers in Uri report that there has been little or no government building of community shelters, despite availability of government land on public school grounds. (Dec-1, Kashmir Times)

Pakistan and India on October 29 made an unprecedented agreement to open the disputed Line of Control (LoC) to facilitate relief. All crossing points are now opened at Nauser-Teethwal, Chakothi-Uri, Hajipur-Uri, Rawalakot-Poonch and Tattapni-Mendhar. However, only Nauser-Teethwal and Rawalakot-Poonch crossing points are open for limited civilian crossing. (Nov-21, TN) Landmark trans-Kashmir bus service between Srinagar (IcK) and Muzaffarabad (PcK) resumed today, after being suspended by the earthquake. (Dec-1, Khaleej Times)

A policeman and four militants were killed on Sunday (December 4) in a grenade attack in Tral and gunbattles in Anantnag and Baramulla districts. (Dec-05, AFP) Two policeman and three civilians were injured in grenade attack on a police patrol in Srinagar on Sunday as well. (Dec-5, AFP

Four militants and a civilian were killed in clashes in Anantnag and Baramulla districts as well. (Dec-5, PTI) Five civilians were kidnapped by suspected militants in Rajouri district. One escaped, the others were released. (Dec-3, Daily Excelsior)